At the end of the 8th century, Charlemagne made an important contribution towards
their inclusion as crop plants in the Imperial and monastic apothecary gardens.
In his capitulary De Villis, which provides rules to be observed in administering the king’s private domain,
he recommended the cultivation of roses because the petals of the Rosa gallica (Gallic rose)
in particular were useful for gargling as well as bathing slow-healing wounds and inflamed eyes.
To this day, herbalists say that the Rosa centifolia and Rosa gallica are good for hay fever and alleviate headaches.